Miranda R, Saravia N G, Ackerman R, Murphy N, Berman S, McMurray D N
Am J Clin Nutr. 1983 Apr;37(4):632-40. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/37.4.632.
Substances in colostrum and breast milk confer significant disease resistance to the breast-fed infant. The influence of maternal nutritional status on both immunological and nonimmunological milk factors was studied in a group of 23 Colombian women during the first 2 months of lactation. Maternal malnutrition was characterized by significantly lower weight/height ratio, creatinine/height index, total serum proteins, serum albumin, and serum IgG and IgA. The colostrum of malnourished mothers contained only one-third the normal concentration of immunoglobulin G and less than half the normal level of albumin. Significant reductions in colostrum levels of IgA and the fourth component of complement (C4) were also observed in the malnourished group. No differences were observed in colostral concentrations of lysozyme, C3 complement, or IgM. Titers of antibody in milk directed against respiratory syncytial virus were not influenced by maternal nutritional status. The differences noted above tended to disappear in mature milk, concomitant with improvement in the nutritional status of malnourished mothers during the first several weeks postpartum. We conclude that the protective qualities of colostrum and milk may be significantly influenced by maternal nutritional status.
初乳和母乳中的物质能赋予母乳喂养的婴儿显著的抗病能力。在一组23名哥伦比亚妇女哺乳期的前两个月，研究了母亲营养状况对免疫和非免疫性乳汁因子的影响。母亲营养不良的特征是体重/身高比、肌酐/身高指数、血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白以及血清IgG和IgA显著降低。营养不良母亲的初乳中免疫球蛋白G的浓度仅为正常浓度的三分之一，白蛋白水平不到正常水平的一半。在营养不良组中还观察到初乳中IgA和补体第四成分（C4）水平显著降低。初乳中溶菌酶、C3补体或IgM的浓度未观察到差异。针对呼吸道合胞病毒的乳汁抗体滴度不受母亲营养状况的影响。上述差异在成熟乳中往往会消失，同时营养不良母亲在产后最初几周的营养状况有所改善。我们得出结论，初乳和母乳的保护特性可能会受到母亲营养状况的显著影响。
