Ramon S
Int J Health Serv. 1983;13(2):307-24. doi: 10.2190/76CQ-B5VN-T3FD-CMU7.
The Italian Mental Health Act of 1978 signified a major reform of the psychiatric system in that country and included directives for the closing down of all mental hospitals. This paper reports the structure and mode of work of the newly created community mental health services in a Tuscan town. It further investigates the background that made such a major change possible, and details its successes and problems to date. In addition, the relevance of the Italian experience to policy changes in other national psychiatric systems which so far have been unable to produce a comprehensive community-centered service is discussed.
1978年的意大利《精神卫生法》标志着该国精神病治疗体系的一项重大改革，其中包括关闭所有精神病院的指令。本文报道了托斯卡纳一个小镇上新设立的社区精神卫生服务机构的结构和工作模式。进一步探究了促成这一重大变革的背景，并详述了至今所取得的成功与存在的问题。此外，还讨论了意大利的经验与其他国家精神病治疗体系政策变革的相关性，这些国家至今仍未能建立起全面的以社区为中心的服务体系。
