Perris C, Eisemann M, Ericsson U, von Knorring L, Perris H
Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr (1970). 1983;233(2):77-88. doi: 10.1007/BF00343429.
Within the framework of a large and ongoing study of depression in its biological, clinical, psychological and social aspects, 141 patients of both sexes in the age range 21 to 65 years participated in a study of parental rearing practices and personality characteristics. The perceived parental rearing behaviour was assessed by means of a specially constructed inventory (EMBU), and the personality characteristics by means of a Swedish personality inventory, the KSP, which had previously been shown to measure relatively stable personality characteristics. Several important correlations emerged between parental rearing practices and personality traits. In particular, power assertive practices and psychological types of discipline (shaming, guilt-engendering) showed significant correlations with aspects of aggression and significant negative correlations with socialization. There was a good agreement between male and female patients in the judgement of the rearing behaviour of their fathers. However, female patients scored their mother as more abusive, whereas male patients scored them as more over-protective. On the whole, the rearing practices of the mothers were judged more negatively than those of the fathers. The findings of this study appear to be consistent with earlier results reported by other authors.
在一项正在进行的关于抑郁症的生物学、临床、心理和社会方面的大型研究框架内，141名年龄在21至65岁之间的男女患者参与了一项关于父母养育方式和人格特征的研究。通过一份专门编制的问卷（EMBU）评估感知到的父母养育行为，通过瑞典人格问卷KSP评估人格特征，该问卷此前已被证明能够测量相对稳定的人格特征。父母养育方式与人格特质之间出现了一些重要的相关性。特别是，权力强制型养育方式和心理层面的管教方式（羞辱、引发内疚）与攻击性方面存在显著相关性，与社会化方面存在显著负相关性。在对父亲养育行为的判断上，男性和女性患者之间有很好的一致性。然而，女性患者认为母亲更具虐待性，而男性患者则认为母亲更过度保护。总体而言，母亲的养育方式比父亲的养育方式受到更负面的评价。这项研究的结果似乎与其他作者先前报告的结果一致。
