Fassett R G, Horgan B, Gove D, Mathew T H
Clin Nephrol. 1983 Jul;20(1):11-6.
Phase contrast microscopic examination of the urine has been recently shown to be of value in predicting whether hematuria is due to glomerulonephritis or lesions of the lower urinary tract. Glomerular red cells show variations in size and shape and have distorted surfaces. Non glomerular red cells are uniform in size and shape and have smooth surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy was performed on urine sediment containing either glomerular or non glomerular red cells to better define their surface characteristics. Glomerular red cells exhibited a variety of forms, most cells having lumpy projections from the surface, some showing fragmentation of the membrane and others showing gross distortion. In contrast non glomerular red cells show smooth surfaces and usually maintain the normal biconcave disc shape of peripheral red blood cells. Scanning electron microscopy can better define surface structural abnormalities of urinary glomerular and non glomerular red blood cells.
最近研究表明，尿液的相差显微镜检查对于预测血尿是由肾小球肾炎还是下尿路病变引起具有重要价值。肾小球性红细胞大小和形状各异，表面扭曲。非肾小球性红细胞大小和形状均一，表面光滑。对含有肾小球性或非肾小球性红细胞的尿沉渣进行扫描电子显微镜检查，以更好地确定其表面特征。肾小球性红细胞呈现出多种形态，大多数细胞表面有块状突起，一些显示细胞膜破碎，另一些则有明显扭曲。相比之下，非肾小球性红细胞表面光滑，通常保持外周红细胞正常的双凹圆盘状。扫描电子显微镜可以更好地确定尿中肾小球性和非肾小球性红细胞的表面结构异常。
