Waller M B, McBride W J, Lumeng L, Li T K
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1982 Oct;17(4):763-8. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(82)90359-8.
Studies were undertaken to determine if elevated blood alcohol concentrations (BAC), produced by intravenous (IV) infusion of ethanol or by intraperitoneal (IP) administration of 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP), could reduce the free-choice oral alcohol consumption of adult male alcohol-preferring rats (P-rats). The IV infusion of ethanol either on a 24 or 12 (dark) hourly dose schedule reduced the amount of ethanol voluntarily ingested. There was a significant (p less than 0.05) inverse correlation between the amount of ethanol consumed orally and the amount of ethanol infused. Daily fluid and caloric intakes were not compromised. When the amount of ethanol infused was 85% or more of the control oral intake, there was a significant correlation between ethanol intake and tail-blood alcohol levels, taken at 5 min (r = 0.98; p less than 0.05) and 55 min (r = 0.93, p less than 0.05) after the last dark cycle infusion. Below the preinfusion level of 85%, the BAC were variable and did not correlate well with total ethanol intake. After a single IP injection of 4-MP, 90 mg/kg body wt, BAC increased from 10 mg% to 50-65 mg% for 2-3 days. Concomitant with the rise in BAC, these animals decreased their drinking of 10% ethanol and proportionately increased their water intake. The present studies suggest that pharmacological factors, distinct from orosensory cues, are important in regulating voluntary ethanol drinking behavior in the P-rats.
开展了多项研究，以确定通过静脉输注乙醇或腹腔注射4-甲基吡唑（4-MP）产生的血液酒精浓度（BAC）升高，是否能减少成年雄性嗜酒大鼠（P-大鼠）自由选择口服酒精的摄入量。以每24小时或12小时（黑暗期）的剂量时间表静脉输注乙醇，可减少自愿摄入的乙醇量。口服的乙醇量与输注的乙醇量之间存在显著的（p<0.05）负相关。每日液体和热量摄入量未受影响。当输注的乙醇量为对照口服摄入量的85%或更多时，在最后一个黑暗周期输注后5分钟（r=0.98；p<0.05）和55分钟（r=0.93，p<0.05）采集的乙醇摄入量与尾血酒精水平之间存在显著相关性。低于输注前85%的水平时，BAC变化不定，与总乙醇摄入量的相关性不佳。单次腹腔注射90mg/kg体重的4-MP后，BAC在2-3天内从10mg%升至50-65mg%。随着BAC的升高，这些动物减少了10%乙醇的饮用量，并相应增加了饮水量。目前的研究表明，与口腔感觉线索不同的药理因素在调节P-大鼠的自愿乙醇饮用行为中很重要。
