Ostrea E M, Lynn S M, Wayne R N, Stryker J C
Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1980;1(2-3):163-70.
The distribution of morphine in various tissues of 6 addicted monkey fetuses and in 2 infants of drug-dependent mothers (IDDM) show that significant concentrations of the drug are in the gastrointestines (tissue plus content), liver, cerebellum, lungs, heart, spleen and thymus. The high concentration of morphine in the gastrointestinal tract may be secondary to the excretion of the drug through the bile or by the repeated swallowing by the fetus of amniotic fluid which contains morphine (1.9 +/- 1.0 micrograms/dl). Meconium, taken from 2 IDDMs show a significant concentration of morphine for up to 2-3 days after birth. Thus, meconium is a useful material to analyze postnatally for the diagnosis of neonatal narcotic addiction.
6只成瘾猴胎儿及2名药物依赖母亲的婴儿（IDDM）各组织中吗啡的分布情况表明，药物在胃肠道（组织加内容物）、肝脏、小脑、肺、心脏、脾脏和胸腺中浓度显著。胃肠道中吗啡浓度高可能是由于药物经胆汁排泄，或胎儿反复吞咽含吗啡的羊水（1.9±1.0微克/分升）所致。取自2名IDDM婴儿的胎粪在出生后2 - 3天内吗啡浓度仍显著。因此，胎粪是出生后用于分析诊断新生儿麻醉品成瘾的有用材料。
