Martinez J R, Bylund D B, Cassity N
Arch Oral Biol. 1982;27(6):443-50. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(82)90082-6.
Unilateral ligation of the main excretory duct of the rat submandibular gland caused a progressive deterioration of secretory function characterized by: (1) the secretion of progressively smaller volumes of saliva in response to a standard maximal intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of pilocarpine. Saliva volume was reduced 69.4, 88.8 and 95.9 per cent, respectively, 1, 3 and 7 days after duct ligation. By 2 weeks, the contralateral, non-ligated gland had an enhanced response to pilocarpine and the ligated gland a 96.8 per cent reduction in the volume of saliva secreted; (2) a progressive reduction in the maximum flow rates attained upon stimulation with pilocarpine, which were 23.4, 10.1 and 5.1 per cent of those attained in the contralateral gland at, respectively, 1, 3 and 7 days after ligation; (3) a progressive increase in the sodium concentrations of saliva, which became plasma-like 2 weeks after ligation; (4) a significantly reduced secretory response to standard doses of isoproterenol, phenylephrine, methoxamine and substance P 2 weeks after ligation. In addition, both cholinergic and adrenergic receptors were significantly reduced in number 2 weeks after ligation. Administration of daily injections of pilocarpine (10 mg, i.p.) after duct ligation reduced the gland atrophy observed 3 days (by 17 per cent) and 1 week (by 9 per cent) later, but did not prevent the reduction in volume or flow rats observed after duct ligation alone. Thus ligation of the main excretory duct causes a progressive dysfunction in acinar and duct cells in the rat submandibular gland and alters their responsiveness to physiological regulators of secretion. The alterations in glandular secretory function and in the composition of saliva which occur in diseases causing partial or complete obstruction to the flow of saliva are likely to be similar to the changes described.
大鼠下颌下腺主排泄管的单侧结扎导致分泌功能逐渐恶化，其特征如下：(1) 对标准最大腹腔内 (i.p.) 剂量的毛果芸香碱，唾液分泌量逐渐减少。在导管结扎后1、3和7天，唾液量分别减少了69.4%、88.8%和95.9%。到2周时，对侧未结扎的腺体对毛果芸香碱的反应增强，而结扎的腺体分泌的唾液量减少了96.8%；(2) 用毛果芸香碱刺激时达到的最大流速逐渐降低，在结扎后1、3和7天，分别为对侧腺体最大流速的23.4%、10.1%和5.1%；(3) 唾液中钠浓度逐渐升高，结扎后2周变为类似血浆的浓度；(4) 结扎后2周，对标准剂量的异丙肾上腺素、去氧肾上腺素、甲氧明和P物质的分泌反应显著降低。此外，结扎后2周，胆碱能和肾上腺素能受体的数量均显著减少。导管结扎后每日注射毛果芸香碱 (10 mg，i.p.) 可减少3天 (减少17%) 和1周 (减少9%) 后观察到的腺体萎缩，但不能防止单独导管结扎后观察到的大鼠唾液量或流速的减少。因此，主排泄管的结扎导致大鼠下颌下腺腺泡和导管细胞逐渐出现功能障碍，并改变它们对分泌生理调节因子的反应性。在导致唾液流动部分或完全阻塞的疾病中发生的腺体分泌功能和唾液成分的改变可能与上述变化相似。
