Musk A W, Peters J M, Bernstein L, Rubin C, Monroe C B
Am J Ind Med. 1982;3(1):3-9. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700030103.
Tests of ventilatory capacity, objective cough, and standardized respiratory questionnaires were used in a prospective study to measure the effect of firefighting on pulmonary function in a cohort of 951 white Boston firefighters between 1970-1976. During the six years of follow-up, the mean annual decrements in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were 36 and 29 ml per year, respectively. At the end of the study in 1976, the mean FEV1 for this group was 98.3% of the level predicted for healthy nonsmoking adults, while the FVC was 97.8%. Current cigarette smoking was associated with an increased prevalence of bronchitis, a loose cough, reduced levels of FEV1 and FVC, and increased longitudinal changes in FEV1 and FVC. The longitudinal changes and current levels of FEV1 and FVC were not correlated with any index of firefighting exposure in active firefighters. Increased use of protective respiratory apparatus and previously described selection effects within the Boston Fire Department appear to be protecting this group of firefighters from long-term effects of smoke exposure as measured by these techniques.
在一项前瞻性研究中，使用通气能力测试、客观咳嗽测试和标准化呼吸问卷，对1970年至1976年间951名波士顿白人消防员队列进行了研究，以测量灭火工作对肺功能的影响。在六年的随访期间，一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）和用力肺活量（FVC）的年均下降量分别为每年36毫升和29毫升。在1976年研究结束时，该组的平均FEV1为健康非吸烟成年人预测水平的98.3%，而FVC为97.8%。当前吸烟与支气管炎患病率增加、咳嗽咳痰、FEV1和FVC水平降低以及FEV1和FVC的纵向变化增加有关。FEV1和FVC的纵向变化及当前水平与在职消防员的任何灭火接触指数均无相关性。增加使用防护性呼吸设备以及波士顿消防部门先前描述的选择效应，似乎使这群消防员免受这些技术所测量的烟雾暴露的长期影响。
