Steward D J
Can Anaesth Soc J. 1980 Jul;27(4):412-6. doi: 10.1007/BF03007466.
Out-patient surgery for infants and children offers the advantages of minimal emotional upset, less risk of infection, and fiscal economy. Many different operations can be done in the out-patient department and most children can be accepted for general anaesthesia for these operations. Preparation of the child is similar to that required for in-patient surgery. Premedication is unnecessary and contraindicated. A variety of techniques may be selected for induction of anaesthesia without unduly prolonging recovery. General inhalation anaesthesia with halothane is preferred for maintenance. Careful tracheal intubation should be utilized whenever indicated. Regional analgesia has many advantages over narcotic analgesics in the treatment of post-operative pain. A follow-up service should be provided.
婴幼儿门诊手术具有情绪干扰小、感染风险低和经济节约等优点。许多不同的手术都可以在门诊进行，而且大多数儿童都可以接受这些手术的全身麻醉。儿童的术前准备与住院手术所需的准备相似。无需术前用药，且术前用药为禁忌。可以选择多种麻醉诱导技术，而不会过度延长恢复时间。维持麻醉时首选氟烷全身吸入麻醉。如有指征，应谨慎进行气管插管。在治疗术后疼痛方面，区域镇痛比麻醉性镇痛药有许多优势。应提供随访服务。
