Bowles N L, Poon L W
J Gerontol. 1982 Mar;37(2):212-9. doi: 10.1093/geronj/37.2.212.
The effect of aging on recognition memory processing is analyzed in terms of a stimulus-sampling model of recognition memory with parameters representing encoding effectiveness and stimulus overlap or interference. A standard study-test paradigm with a 2-alternative-forced-choice test was used with older and younger adults. While no significant difference in accuracy between groups was observed, it was found that the distribution of recognition scores for older adults was bimodal with an upper mode which did not differ from the younger group and a lower mode representing a large decrement in performance. For those adults who showed recognition deficity with aging, analysis in terms of the model revealed reduced encoding effectiveness. Recognition performance of the older adults was strongly related to verbal ability as measured by the WAIS vocabulary subtest. Disparate results of recognition studies in the aging literature are discussed in terms of variations in verbal ability among the groups studied.
根据识别记忆的刺激抽样模型，从代表编码有效性以及刺激重叠或干扰的参数方面，分析衰老对识别记忆处理的影响。对老年人和年轻人采用了带有二选一强制选择测试的标准研究 - 测试范式。虽然未观察到两组在准确性上有显著差异，但发现老年人的识别分数分布是双峰的，其中较高的峰值与年轻组无异，较低的峰值代表表现大幅下降。对于那些随着衰老出现识别缺陷的成年人，根据该模型进行的分析显示编码有效性降低。老年人的识别表现与韦氏成人智力量表词汇子测验所衡量的语言能力密切相关。根据所研究群体中语言能力的差异，讨论了衰老文献中识别研究的不同结果。
