Klein D, Najman J, Kohrman A F, Munro C
J Fam Pract. 1982 May;14(5):881-8.
Responding anonymously to a questionnaire asking them to list medical conditions and social characteristics of patients that evoked negative responses, 439 family physicians specified 1,846 medical conditions and 1,519 social characteristics. Of the medical conditions, the largest category (60 percent) represented conditions for which medical treatment offered little or no likelihood of cure or alleviation. Of the social characteristics, the largest category (33 percent) involved behavior that violated the physician's personal norms, even through it had little or no bearing on the patient's health. It appears that the responses accurately reflect the Protestant Ethic value system characteristics of Western Europe and the United States, but this constellation of values is accentuated in physicians by their selection and their professional training. Although negative responses to patient characteristics do not inevitably lead to inferior treatment of the negatively perceived patient, negative feelings might be reduced through changes in both the undergraduate and graduate levels of medical education.
439名家庭医生以匿名方式回复了一份问卷，问卷要求他们列出引发负面反应的患者的医疗状况和社会特征，他们共列出了1846种医疗状况和1519种社会特征。在这些医疗状况中，最大的类别（60%）是那些医疗治疗几乎没有治愈或缓解可能性的状况。在社会特征方面，最大的类别（33%）涉及违反医生个人规范的行为，即使这种行为对患者健康几乎没有影响。看起来这些回答准确反映了西欧和美国新教伦理价值体系的特征，但由于医生的选择和专业培训，这种价值体系在医生群体中更为突出。虽然对患者特征的负面反应并不必然导致对被负面看待的患者给予较差的治疗，但通过本科和研究生阶段医学教育的改变，负面情绪可能会有所减少。
