Lemaire C, Murphy E L, Gourret P, Monod H
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1978 Oct;49(10):1160-7.
Thirty professional divers involved in training, bounce dives, working saturations, and deep experimental saturations were observed over a 1-month period. The subjects themselves performed simple twice-daily measurements of oral temperature, heart rate, breathhold time, handgrip strength, length and quality of sleep, and a subjective estimation of fatigue. The data were analysed with respect to the type of work done by the diver, separating diving from nondiving days. The results showed that subjective estimation of fatigue corresponded to the increment of evening oral temperature and heart rate over morning values. Both inspiratory and expiratory breathhold times decreased from morning to evening in those situations deemed most tiring by the divers. Sleep was generally of average duration and quality; however, diving during the daytime was associated with a decreased amount of sleep in the 24-h period including the following night. Sleep was also of poorer quality during periods of saturation diving. In addition to such group variations, individual divers showed significant performance changes on the various tests, demonstrating the value of this approach to the practical question of deciding when a man is too tired to dive safely. Extension of this method can, we hope, aid in the definition of safe working rotations for professional divers.
在1个月的时间里，对30名参与训练、反复潜水、饱和潜水作业以及深度实验性饱和潜水的专业潜水员进行了观察。受试者每天自行进行两次简单测量，包括口腔温度、心率、屏气时间、握力、睡眠时长和质量，以及对疲劳的主观评估。根据潜水员所从事工作的类型对数据进行分析，将潜水日与非潜水日区分开来。结果显示，疲劳的主观评估与傍晚口腔温度和心率相对于早晨值的升高相对应。在潜水员认为最累的情况下，吸气和呼气屏气时间从早晨到傍晚均有所缩短。睡眠时长和质量一般处于平均水平；然而，白天潜水会导致包括次日夜间在内的24小时内睡眠量减少。在饱和潜水期间，睡眠质量也较差。除了这种群体差异外，个别潜水员在各项测试中的表现也有显著变化，这表明这种方法对于确定一个人何时疲劳到无法安全潜水这一实际问题具有价值。我们希望，扩展这种方法有助于确定专业潜水员的安全工作轮班。
