Kramer J K, Farnworth E R, Thompson B K, Corner A H, Trenholm H L
Lipids. 1982 May;17(5):372-82. doi: 10.1007/BF02535197.
A comprehensive statistical analysis had shown a significant correlation between the incidence of myocardial lesions in male albino rats and the concentration of certain dietary fatty acids. To test this result under controlled conditions, male rats were fed for 16 weeks diets containing 20% by weight soybean oil or a low erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) oil. Both dietary oils contained substantial amounts of linolenic acid, and both groups developed a high incidence of myocardial necrosis. The addition of dietary saturated fatty acids to the oil in the form of cocoa butter significantly lowered the incidence of heart lesions in both groups. The addition of cocoa butter resulted in increased absorption of saturates and increased growth. Replacement of the cocoa butter by at least an equal amount of synthetic triolein resulted in no significant changes in the cardiopathogenic response compared to the original oils, thus ensuring that the reduction in heart lesions associated with the addition of cocoa butter was not due to dilution of cardiopathogenic compounds in the original vegetable oils. These results support the hypothesis that myocardial lesions in male rats are related to the balance of dietary fatty acids and not to cardiotoxic contaminants in the oils. Changes in the dietary fatty acids did not appear to influence the proportion of the cardiac phospholipids, but their fatty acid composition was markedly influenced. Dietary linolenic acid affected the C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and dietary saturates increased the level of saturates in cardiac phospholipids. The level of arachidonic acid and total C22 PUFA did not appear to be affected by diet.
一项全面的统计分析表明，雄性白化大鼠心肌损伤的发生率与某些膳食脂肪酸的浓度之间存在显著相关性。为了在可控条件下验证这一结果，给雄性大鼠喂食含20%（重量）大豆油或低芥酸菜籽油（LEAR）的饲料，为期16周。两种膳食油都含有大量的亚麻酸，两组大鼠都出现了高发生率的心肌坏死。以可可脂的形式向油中添加膳食饱和脂肪酸，显著降低了两组大鼠心脏损伤的发生率。添加可可脂导致饱和脂肪酸的吸收增加和生长加快。用至少等量的合成三油精替代可可脂，与原始油相比，心脏致病反应没有显著变化，从而确保与添加可可脂相关的心脏损伤减少不是由于原始植物油中心脏致病化合物的稀释。这些结果支持了这样一种假设，即雄性大鼠的心肌损伤与膳食脂肪酸的平衡有关，而不是与油中的心脏毒性污染物有关。膳食脂肪酸的变化似乎没有影响心脏磷脂的比例，但它们的脂肪酸组成受到了显著影响。膳食亚麻酸影响C22多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），膳食饱和脂肪酸增加了心脏磷脂中饱和脂肪酸的水平。花生四烯酸和总C22 PUFA的水平似乎不受饮食的影响。
