Borregaard N, Herlin T
J Clin Invest. 1982 Sep;70(3):550-7. doi: 10.1172/jci110647.
Detailed quantitative studies were performed on the generation and utilization of energy by resting and phagocytosing human neutrophils. The ATP content was 1.9 fmol/cell, was constant during rest, and was not influenced by the presence or absence of glucose in the medium. The intracellular content of phosphocreatine was less than 0.2 fmol/cell. In the presence of glucose, ATP was generated almost exclusively from lactate produced from glucose taken up from the surrounding medium. The amount of lactate produced could account for 85% of the glucose taken up by the cells, and the intracellular glycosyl store, glycogen, was not drawn upon. The rate of ATP generation as calculated from the rate of lactate production was 1.3 fmol/cell/min. During phagocytosis, there was no measurable increase in glucose consumption or lactate production, and the ATP content fell rapidly to 0.8 fmol/cell. This disappearance of ATP was apparently irreversible since no corresponding increase in ADP or AMP was observed. It therefore appears that this phagocytosis-induced fall in ATP concentration represents all the extra energy utilized in human neutrophils in the presence of glucose. In the absence of glucose, the rate of ATP generation in the resting cell was considerably smaller, 0.75 fmol/cell per min, as calculated from the rate of glycolysis, which is sustained exclusively by glycogenolysis. Under this condition, however, phagocytosis induces significant enhancement of glycogenolysis and the rate of lactate production is increased by 60%, raising the rate of ATP generation to 1.2 fmol/cell per min. Nonetheless, the ATP content drops significantly from 1.9 to 1.0 fmol/cell. Neutrophils from patients with chronic granulomatous disease have the same rate of glycolysis and the same ATP content as normal cells, thus confirming that the defective respiration of these cells does not affect their energy metabolism.
对静息和吞噬状态下的人中性粒细胞的能量产生和利用进行了详细的定量研究。ATP含量为1.9 fmol/细胞，静息期间保持恒定，且不受培养基中葡萄糖存在与否的影响。磷酸肌酸的细胞内含量低于0.2 fmol/细胞。在有葡萄糖存在的情况下，ATP几乎完全由从周围培养基摄取的葡萄糖产生的乳酸生成。产生的乳酸量可占细胞摄取葡萄糖量的85%，且未动用细胞内的糖基储备糖原。根据乳酸产生速率计算的ATP生成速率为1.3 fmol/细胞/分钟。在吞噬过程中，葡萄糖消耗或乳酸产生没有可测量的增加，ATP含量迅速降至0.8 fmol/细胞。ATP的这种消失显然是不可逆的，因为未观察到ADP或AMP有相应增加。因此，似乎这种吞噬诱导的ATP浓度下降代表了在有葡萄糖存在的情况下人中性粒细胞利用的所有额外能量。在没有葡萄糖的情况下，静息细胞中的ATP生成速率相当小，根据糖酵解速率计算为0.75 fmol/细胞/分钟，糖酵解仅由糖原分解维持。然而，在这种情况下，吞噬会显著增强糖原分解，乳酸产生速率增加60%，使ATP生成速率提高到1.2 fmol/细胞/分钟。尽管如此，ATP含量仍从1.9 fmol/细胞显著降至1.0 fmol/细胞。慢性肉芽肿病患者的中性粒细胞与正常细胞具有相同的糖酵解速率和相同的ATP含量，从而证实这些细胞的呼吸缺陷并不影响其能量代谢。
