Roux C, Migne G, Mulliez N, Youssef S
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1982;11(2):215-26.
The congenital malformations arising out of 13,335 deliveries that occurred over the course of five years in the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the hospital of Saint-Antoine were recorded. Their overall frequency was 3.37%. Details are given of each malformation. Often malformations are linked to perinatal mortality (14.2% of stillbirths are malformed). There was no difference to be found between different ethnic groups. Pathological developments in previous pregnancies were not particularly frequent. Bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy was significantly more frequent in congenital abnormalities.