Cohen J L, Segal K R, Witriol I, McArdle W D
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(3):212-7.
Physiologic responses to ballet exercise and VO2max during treadmill running were studied in elite professional ballet dancers (7 men, 8 women; age 20-30 yr) from American Ballet Theatre. Ten dancer were studied during standard 1-h ballet classes consisting of 28 min of barre and 32 min of center floor exercise. Eight dancers performed maximal treadmill running tests yielding VO2max values (ml . min-1 . kg-1) of 48.2 (range 43.8-51.9) for men and 43.7 (range 40.9-50.1) for women. Mean VO2 (ml . min-1 . kg-1) during barre exercise was 18.5 (38% VO2max) for men and 16.5 (38% VO2max) for women; during center floor exercise 26.3 (55% VO2max) for men and 20.1 (46% VO2max) for women, with a peak of 77% VO2max for a male dancer. Mean caloric output values (kcal . kg-1 . min-1) during barre exercise were 0.09 and 0.08 for men and women, respectively, and during center floor exercise 0.13 for men and 0.10 for women, with a peak of 0.18 for one male dancer. Estimated net caloric outputs for the entire ballet class averaged 200 kcal . h-1 for women and 300 kcal . h-1 for men. During barre exercise, HR was below the training sensitive zone (70% HR max) for significant periods of time. Peak HR (beats . min-1) was relatively high during allegro center floor exercise, averaging 178 (92% HR max) and 158 (85% HR max) for men and women, respectively. However, these were maintained for only brief durations similar to sprint or burst activities. We conclude that these physiologic data obtained during ballet class represent only a relatively modest stimulus for augmenting aerobic (VO2max). In conjunction with the strong isometric component in ballet exercise, along with the sprint or burst component of ballet exercise, these factors would produce in elite ballet dancers VO2max values in the range of non-endurance athletes.
对来自美国芭蕾舞剧院的精英职业芭蕾舞演员（7名男性，8名女性；年龄20 - 30岁）在芭蕾舞练习和跑步机跑步期间的生理反应以及最大摄氧量（VO₂max）进行了研究。10名舞者在标准的1小时芭蕾舞课程中接受研究，该课程包括28分钟的把杆练习和32分钟的中间场地练习。8名舞者进行了最大跑步机跑步测试，男性的VO₂max值（毫升·分钟⁻¹·千克⁻¹）为48.2（范围43.8 - 51.9），女性为43.7（范围40.9 - 50.1）。在把杆练习期间，男性的平均摄氧量（毫升·分钟⁻¹·千克⁻¹）为18.5（VO₂max的38%），女性为16.5（VO₂max的38%）；在中间场地练习期间，男性为26.3（VO₂max的55%），女性为20.1（VO₂max的46%），一名男性舞者的峰值为VO₂max的77%。在把杆练习期间，男性和女性的平均热量输出值（千卡·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹）分别为0.09和0.08，在中间场地练习期间，男性为0.13，女性为0.10，一名男性舞者的峰值为0.18。整个芭蕾舞课程的估计净热量输出平均女性为200千卡·小时⁻¹，男性为300千卡·小时⁻¹。在把杆练习期间，心率在相当长的时间内低于训练敏感区（最大心率的70%）。在快板中间场地练习期间，心率峰值（次·分钟⁻¹）相对较高，男性平均为178（最大心率的92%），女性平均为158（最大心率的85%）。然而，这些心率峰值仅维持短暂时间，类似于短跑或爆发性活动。我们得出结论，在芭蕾舞课程期间获得的这些生理数据仅代表对增强有氧能力（VO₂max）的相对适度的刺激。结合芭蕾舞练习中强烈的等长成分以及芭蕾舞练习中的短跑或爆发成分，这些因素会使精英芭蕾舞演员的VO₂max值处于非耐力运动员的范围内。
