Cauce A M, Felner R D, Primavera J
Am J Community Psychol. 1982 Aug;10(4):417-28. doi: 10.1007/BF00893980.
This study examines the structure of social support and its relationship to adjustment for adolescents from high-stress lower socioeconomic class inner-city backgrounds. An attempt is made to (a) identify meaningful dimensions of perceived social support for this population; (b) examine the degree to which the perceived helpfulness of each source of support varied as a function of age, sex, and ethnic background; and (c) determine the relationship between the dimensions of social support, personal characteristics of the adolescent, and indices of personal and academic adjustment. Factor analyses reveal three distinct support dimensions: Family, Formal, and Informal Support. Multivariate and univariate analyses of variance show differences in the perceived helpfulness of the support dimensions as a function of the adolescent's age, sex, and ethnic background as well as in the relationship of each source of support to the adjustment indices. Implications of the findings for elaborating the impact of social support on coping efforts are discussed.
本研究考察了来自高压力、低社会经济阶层内城背景的青少年的社会支持结构及其与适应的关系。研究试图：（a）确定该人群感知到的社会支持的有意义维度；（b）考察每种支持来源的感知帮助程度随年龄、性别和种族背景的变化情况；（c）确定社会支持维度、青少年个人特征以及个人和学业适应指标之间的关系。因素分析揭示了三个不同的支持维度：家庭支持、正式支持和非正式支持。多变量和单变量方差分析表明，支持维度的感知帮助程度因青少年的年龄、性别和种族背景而异，且每种支持来源与适应指标的关系也有所不同。讨论了这些发现对阐述社会支持对应对努力的影响的意义。
