Koplan J P, Powell K E, Sikes R K, Shirley R W, Campbell C C
JAMA. 1982 Dec 17;248(23):3118-21.
To better estimate rates of certain benefits and risks of recreational running, we sent questionnaires to 1,250 randomly selected male and 1,250 female registrants for a 10-km road race. The response rate was 55% for men and 58% for women. Telephone interviews of a randomly selected group of nonrespondents indicated that the only significant differences between respondents and nonrespondents were that (1) respondents were older than nonrespondents, (2) more male nonrespondents had stopped running during the year after the race, and (3) more male nonrespondents had been hit by thrown objects. One year after the race, 89% of male and 79% of female respondents were still running regularly. Eighty-one percent of men and 75% of women who smoked cigarettes when they began running had stopped smoking after beginning recreational running. Giving up smoking was significantly more common for current runners than for "retired" runners. Weight loss was commonly associated with running and was greater in those persons who were overweight when they began running. More than a third of respondents had a musculoskeletal injury attributed to running in the year after the race and about one seventh of all respondents sought medical consultation for their injury. The risk of injury increased with increasing weekly mileage. This study uses epidemiologic methods to quantify some of the benefits and risks of running.
为了更好地估计休闲跑步的某些益处和风险发生率，我们向1250名随机挑选的男性和1250名女性10公里路跑比赛报名者发送了问卷。男性的回应率为55%，女性为58%。对一组随机挑选的未回应者进行电话访谈表明，回应者和未回应者之间唯一显著的差异是：（1）回应者比未回应者年龄大；（2）更多男性未回应者在比赛后的一年中停止了跑步；（3）更多男性未回应者曾被投掷物击中。比赛一年后，89%的男性回应者和79%的女性回应者仍在定期跑步。开始跑步时吸烟的男性中有81%、女性中有75%在开始休闲跑步后戒烟。与“退役”跑步者相比，目前仍在跑步的人戒烟更为普遍。体重减轻通常与跑步有关，在开始跑步时超重的人当中体重减轻幅度更大。超过三分之一的回应者在比赛后的一年中因跑步导致肌肉骨骼损伤，所有回应者中有约七分之一因伤寻求过医疗咨询。受伤风险随着每周跑步里程数的增加而上升。本研究采用流行病学方法对跑步的一些益处和风险进行量化。
