Bietz J A
Biochem Genet. 1982 Dec;20(11-12):1039-53. doi: 10.1007/BF00498931.
Prolamin mixtures were isolated from oats, rice, normal and high-lysine sorghum, two varieties of pearl millet, two strains of teosinte, and gamma grass and subjected to NH2-terminal amino acid sequence determinations. In each case (except for rice, whose prolamins apparently have blocked or unavailable NH2-terminal residues), primarily a single sequence was observed despite significant heterogeneity, suggesting that prolamin homology in each cereal arose through duplication and mutation of a single ancestral gene. Comparisons were then made to prolamin sequences previously determined for wheat, corn, barley, and rye. Within genera, different varieties or subspecies exhibited few differences, but more distantly related genera, subtribes, and tribes showed increasingly large differences. Within the subfamily Festucoideae, no homology was apparent between prolamins of oats and those of the subtribe Triticinae (including wheat, rye, and barley, for which prolamin homology was previously demonstrated). Within the subfamily Panicoideae, corn was shown to be closely related to teosinte but more distantly to Tripsacum. Sorghum was shown to have diverged less from corn than had millet. These comparisons demonstrate that prolamin sequence analyses can successfully predict and clarify evolutionary relationships of cereals.
从燕麦、水稻、普通和高赖氨酸高粱、两个品种的珍珠粟、两个玉蜀黍属大刍草品系以及鸭茅状摩擦禾中分离出醇溶蛋白混合物，并对其进行N端氨基酸序列测定。在每种情况下（水稻除外，其醇溶蛋白的N端残基显然被封闭或不可用），尽管存在显著的异质性，但主要观察到单一序列，这表明每种谷物中的醇溶蛋白同源性是通过单个祖先基因的复制和突变产生的。然后将这些序列与先前测定的小麦、玉米、大麦和黑麦的醇溶蛋白序列进行比较。在属内，不同品种或亚种之间差异很小，但亲缘关系较远的属、亚族和族之间差异越来越大。在狐茅亚科内，燕麦的醇溶蛋白与小麦亚族（包括小麦、黑麦和大麦，先前已证明它们的醇溶蛋白具有同源性）的醇溶蛋白之间没有明显的同源性。在黍亚科内，玉米与大刍草密切相关，但与摩擦禾的关系较远。高粱与玉米的分化程度低于粟与玉米的分化程度。这些比较表明，醇溶蛋白序列分析可以成功地预测和阐明谷物的进化关系。
