Ford R P, Fergusson D M
Arch Dis Child. 1980 Aug;55(8):608-10. doi: 10.1136/adc.55.8.608.
The relationships between a history of egg or cows' milk allergy, positive skin tests to these allergens, and atopic illness were examined in a sample of 126 children. Positive skin tests were found more often in children with a history of egg or cows' milk allergy than in children with no such history. 40 children suspected of being allergic to egg or milk, by history or by positive skin tests, were tested by double-blind food challenge. 54 challenges were given to these children, and 26 (49%) were positive. Children suspected of being allergic to egg had a greater incidence of positive challenges than children suspected of having milk allergy. Children with both a present history of food allergy and a positive skin test for that allergen were more likely to have positive challenges than children having only one of these indicators. Most children with positive challenges failed to satisfy Goldman's criterion of a minimum of three positive challenges because of the severity of their reactions. Less stringent criteria are needed for the diagnosis of food allergy in children who are particularly sensitive to food allergens.
在126名儿童样本中，研究了鸡蛋或牛奶过敏史、对这些过敏原的皮肤试验阳性与特应性疾病之间的关系。有鸡蛋或牛奶过敏史的儿童中，皮肤试验阳性的情况比无此类病史的儿童更常见。通过病史或皮肤试验阳性而怀疑对鸡蛋或牛奶过敏的40名儿童，接受了双盲食物激发试验。对这些儿童进行了54次激发试验，其中26次（49%）呈阳性。怀疑对鸡蛋过敏的儿童激发试验阳性的发生率高于怀疑对牛奶过敏的儿童。既有食物过敏现病史又对该过敏原皮肤试验阳性的儿童，比仅有其中一项指标的儿童更有可能激发试验呈阳性。由于反应严重，大多数激发试验呈阳性的儿童未达到戈德曼至少三次阳性激发试验的标准。对于对食物过敏原特别敏感的儿童，诊断食物过敏需要不太严格的标准。
