Lundberg U, de Château P, Winberg J, Frankenhaeuser M
J Human Stress. 1981 Sep;7(3):3-11. doi: 10.1080/0097840X.1981.9936826.
Urinary catecholamine and cortisol excretion was studied in a group of three-year-olds, their mothers and fathers during night rest, one day at home and one day at hospital. The stay in the hospital, which was part of a longitudinal study of the families, induced a pronounced rise in adrenaline excretion and a moderate increase in noradrenaline excretion in relation to the at-home level. Although the catecholamine excretion in relation to body weight was much higher in the children, the magnitude of the increase at the hospital was about the same in all the family members. The adrenaline excretion was also affected by the diverse conditions at the hospital and showed, for example, a marked decrease during lunch hour. The cortisol excretion at the hospital tended to be elevated only in fathers. On the average, mothers excreted about the same amount of adrenaline as the fathers at the hospital, but significantly more noradrenaline. In earlier studies males have shown a greater adrenaline output than females during achievement-demanding situations. The findings of this study were interpreted within the context of the specific challenge that the situation represented to the mothers. The mothers also excreted more noradrenaline in the at-home condition. Catecholamine and cortisol excretion levels within family members tended to be positively correlated, but the correlations were generally low.
在一组三岁儿童及其父母夜间休息时、在家一天以及在医院一天的情况下，对尿中儿茶酚胺和皮质醇排泄情况进行了研究。作为对这些家庭纵向研究的一部分，住院期间与在家时相比，肾上腺素排泄显著增加，去甲肾上腺素排泄适度增加。尽管儿童相对于体重的儿茶酚胺排泄量要高得多，但住院时所有家庭成员排泄量增加的幅度大致相同。肾上腺素排泄也受到医院不同情况的影响，例如在午餐时间显著下降。在医院时，只有父亲的皮质醇排泄量往往会升高。平均而言，母亲在医院排泄的肾上腺素量与父亲大致相同，但去甲肾上腺素排泄量明显更多。在早期研究中，男性在要求较高的成就情境中肾上腺素输出量比女性更大。本研究结果是在该情境对母亲所构成的特定挑战背景下进行解释的。母亲在家时去甲肾上腺素排泄量也更多。家庭成员之间的儿茶酚胺和皮质醇排泄水平往往呈正相关，但相关性通常较低。
