Ounsted M, Moar V, Scott W A
Early Hum Dev. 1981 Sep;5(4):367-75. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(81)90017-7.
Data on 538 mothers and their small-for-dates babies were analysed to ascertain whether any specific maternal factors were associated with increased perinatal risks. There were 34 deaths; 21 (62%) of these babies had major congenital abnormalities. Among the survivors perinatal morbidity was also markedly increased when the baby was abnormal. No direct associations were found between abnormal babies and any maternal factors. Few differences were found in the incidence of mortality and morbidity factors according to maternal height, weight, weight gain in pregnancy, social class and smoking habits. There was a significantly higher death rate when the mother was pre-eclamptic, and the incidence of seven other morbidity factors was also increased. The only adverse effects of maternal hypertension without pre-eclampsia was a higher instrumental delivery rate, and more of these babies were tube-fed. There were only significantly more perinatal deaths among multiparous women whose previous babies had been of average birthweight. This was due to an excess of congenitally abnormal babies in this group. Only 35% small-for-dates babies escaped any perinatal problems.
对538名母亲及其小样儿进行了数据分析，以确定是否有任何特定的母亲因素与围产期风险增加有关。共有34例死亡；其中21例（62%）婴儿有严重先天性异常。在幸存者中，当婴儿异常时，围产期发病率也显著增加。未发现异常婴儿与任何母亲因素之间存在直接关联。根据母亲的身高、体重、孕期体重增加、社会阶层和吸烟习惯，在死亡率和发病因素的发生率方面几乎没有差异。当母亲患有先兆子痫时，死亡率显著更高，其他七种发病因素的发生率也有所增加。无先兆子痫的母亲高血压的唯一不良影响是器械分娩率较高，且这些婴儿更多需要鼻饲喂养。只有先前婴儿出生体重平均的经产妇的围产期死亡明显更多。这是由于该组中先天性异常婴儿过多。只有35%的小样儿没有任何围产期问题。
