Levy S M
Genet Psychol Monogr. 1978 Nov;98(Second Half):181-202.
The effects of physical health status, attitude toward retirement, and social class on temporal experience were studied in 70 male Ss, aged 52--74. A semistructured interview was utilized, and a content analysis by independent raters was performed on the resulting interview material. In general, it was found that chronic illness had a differential effect on experience, depending upon social class, for certain temporal variables. Among the healthy retirees it was also found that willingness to retire interacted with social class, and that blue collar workers who had resisted retirement resembled the chronically ill in terms of affect and temporal experience. The possibility for adjustment in retirement was linked to variations in temporal experience, and implications were drawn for preretirement intervention with specific social class target populations. Finally, psychological and behavioral consequences of variations in temporal experience were discussed, and the possibility of developing methods of altering temporal experience as a means of helping the elderly to adjust to life transitions was explored.
对70名年龄在52至74岁之间的男性受试者，研究了身体健康状况、对退休的态度和社会阶层对时间体验的影响。采用了半结构化访谈，并由独立评分者对所得访谈材料进行了内容分析。总体而言，研究发现，对于某些时间变量，慢性病对体验的影响因社会阶层而异。在健康退休者中还发现，退休意愿与社会阶层相互作用，那些抵制退休的蓝领工人在情感和时间体验方面与慢性病患者相似。退休调整的可能性与时间体验的变化有关，并针对特定社会阶层目标人群的退休前干预提出了相关启示。最后，讨论了时间体验变化的心理和行为后果，并探讨了开发改变时间体验方法作为帮助老年人适应生活转变手段的可能性。
