Fujioka R S, Hashimoto H H, Siwak E B, Young R H
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1981 Mar;41(3):690-6. doi: 10.1128/aem.41.3.690-696.1981.
The stability of the natural populations of fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci in raw sewage diluted 1:1,000 in seawater or phosphate-buffered water at 24 +/- 2 degrees C was markedly affected by the absence or presence of sunlight. In the absence of sunlight, these bacteria survived for days, whereas in the presence of sunlight 90% of the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci were inactivated within 30 to 90 min and 60 to 180 min, respectively. The bactericidal effect of sunlight was shown to penetrate glass, translucent polyethylene, and at least 3.3 m of clear seawater, suggesting that the visible rather than the ultraviolet light spectrum of sunlight was primarily responsible for the observed bactericidal effect. However, these same sewage-borne bacteria were relatively resistant to the bactericidal effect of sunlight when diluted in fresh mountain stream waters. These results indicate that the presence of sunlight is a major factor controlling the survival of fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci in seawater.
在24±2摄氏度下，将原污水以1:1000的比例稀释于海水或磷酸盐缓冲水中，粪大肠菌群和粪链球菌自然菌群的稳定性受到有无阳光的显著影响。在无阳光的情况下，这些细菌能存活数天；而在有阳光的情况下，90%的粪大肠菌群和粪链球菌分别在30至90分钟和60至180分钟内失活。结果表明，阳光的杀菌作用能穿透玻璃、半透明聚乙烯以及至少3.3米深的清澈海水，这表明阳光的可见光谱而非紫外光谱是观察到的杀菌效果的主要原因。然而，当这些污水中的细菌稀释于新鲜山间溪流水中时，它们对阳光的杀菌作用相对具有抗性。这些结果表明，阳光的存在是控制海水中粪大肠菌群和粪链球菌存活的主要因素。
