Gershowitz H, Neel J V
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1978 Sep;49(3):289-301. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330490302.
The Gm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes are presented, for the first time, for six South American Indian tribes (Baniwa, Kanamari, Kraho, Makiritare, Panoa, and Ticuna) and one Central American tribe (Guaymi). Additional allotype information is presented for five previously reported South American tribes (Cayapo, Piaroa, Trio, Xavante and Yanomama). The distributions of the Gm and Km allotypes among all the tribal populations tested to date are reviewed and evidence is presented for the presence of a north (high)-south(low) cline in Km frequency. The wave theory of the populating of the South American continent was tested by an examination of the distribution of six alleles (Gmax;g, Gma;b0,3,t,Dia,Rx,TFDChi, and 6PGDC), absent in some populations but with polymorphic proportions in others. The present, limited, data failed to confirm the theory.
首次呈现了六个南美印第安部落（巴尼瓦人、卡纳马里人、克拉霍人、马基里塔雷人、帕诺亚人、提库纳人）和一个中美洲部落（瓜伊米人）的Gm和Km免疫球蛋白同种异型。还给出了五个先前报告的南美部落（卡亚波人、皮阿罗阿人、特里奥人、哈万特人、亚诺马马人）的额外同种异型信息。回顾了迄今为止所有测试部落人群中Gm和Km同种异型的分布情况，并提供了Km频率存在北（高）-南（低）渐变群的证据。通过检查六个等位基因（Gmax;g、Gma;b0,3,t、Dia、Rx、TFDChi和6PGDC）的分布情况来检验南美大陆人口迁移的波动理论，这些等位基因在一些人群中不存在，但在其他人群中具有多态比例。目前有限的数据未能证实该理论。
