Schreibman L, Carr E G
J Appl Behav Anal. 1978 Winter;11(4):453-63. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1978.11-453.
Echolalia, the parroting of the speech of others, is a severe communication disorder frequently associated with childhood schizophrenia and mental retardation. Two echolalic children, one schizophrenic and one retarded, were treated in a multiple-baseline design across subjects. Each child was taught to make an appropriate, non-echolalic verbal response (i.e., "I don't know") to a small set of previously echoed questions. After such training, this response generalized across a broad set of untrained questions that had formerly been echoed. The results obtained were the same irrespective of the specific experimenter who presented the questions. Further, each child discriminated appropriately between those questions that had previously been echoed and those that had not. Followup probes showed that treatment gains were maintained one month later. The procedure is economical, in that it produces a rapid and widespread cessation of echolalic responding.
模仿言语，即重复他人的话语，是一种严重的沟通障碍，常与儿童精神分裂症和智力迟钝相关。对两名模仿言语的儿童进行了跨受试者的多基线设计治疗，其中一名患有精神分裂症，另一名智力迟钝。每个孩子都被教导对一小部分之前被模仿过的问题做出适当的、非模仿性的言语反应（即“我不知道”）。经过这样的训练后，这种反应泛化到了一大组之前被模仿过的未训练问题上。无论提出问题的具体实验者是谁，所得到的结果都是相同的。此外，每个孩子都能正确区分之前被模仿过的问题和未被模仿过的问题。后续探测表明，一个月后治疗效果得以维持。该程序经济实用，因为它能迅速且广泛地停止模仿言语反应。
