Di Padova C, Tritapepe R, Di Padova F, Rovagnati P, Dioguardi N
Dig Dis Sci. 1981 Dec;26(12):1095-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01295974.
Epidemiological investigations have revealed that alcoholic cirrhosis is associated with a high frequency of pigment gallstones, but only scanty information is available on the effects of ethanol on biliary secretion of bilirubin. We have injected intravenously 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg body wt of ethanol into six cholecystectomized rabbits and a common bile duct fistula. Experiments were performed ten days after surgery and a stream-splitting apparatus was interposed in the circuit in order to withdraw continuously biliary samples without interruption of enterohepatic bile circulation. Analysis of hourly data showed that both ethanol doses significantly increase the biliary concentration of total bilirubin, without affecting bile flow and lipid composition. Alcohol also promoted the efflux of unconjugated bilirubin into bile. The maximum effect occurred within the first 5 hr following alcohol administration. Thereafter the bile returned to normal. Since excessive concentrations of biliary unconjugated bilirubin favor pigment gallstone development, it can be speculated that alcohol acts as a risk factor for pigment lithiasis by enhancing the biliary levels of this form of pigment.
流行病学调查显示，酒精性肝硬化与色素性胆结石的高发病率相关，但关于乙醇对胆红素胆汁分泌影响的信息却十分匮乏。我们给六只胆囊切除且有胆总管瘘的兔子静脉注射了1.0克/千克体重和1.5克/千克体重的乙醇。实验在术后十天进行，在循环回路中插入了一个分流装置，以便在不中断肠肝胆汁循环的情况下持续抽取胆汁样本。每小时数据的分析表明，两种乙醇剂量均显著增加了总胆红素的胆汁浓度，而不影响胆汁流量和脂质成分。酒精还促进了未结合胆红素向胆汁中的流出。最大效应在酒精给药后的前5小时内出现。此后胆汁恢复正常。由于胆汁中未结合胆红素的过高浓度有利于色素性胆结石的形成，可以推测酒精通过提高这种色素形式的胆汁水平而成为色素性结石病的一个危险因素。
