Fornaini G, Dachà M, Accorsi A, Fazi A, Piatti E
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1981;13(5):322-4.
Red blood cells obtained from well-trained athletes consumed glucose at a higher rate than those from sedentary subjects when incubated in vitro in a glucose containing medium at 37 degrees C. Similar results were obtained when fructose was substituted for glucose, but not when galactose was the monosaccharide. The utilization of glucose by erythrocytes can occur both via the Embden-Meyerhof and Pentose phosphate pathways (PPP). In the present experiments, there were no differences in the activities of select enzymes in these pathways or in metabolic intermediates of the erythrocytes. An exception was an elevated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3DPG) in the erythrocytes of the athletes. Additional experiments are needed to identify changes in the red blood cells of the athletes which produce the increased consumption of glucose.
当在37摄氏度的含葡萄糖培养基中进行体外培养时，训练有素的运动员的红细胞消耗葡萄糖的速率高于久坐不动的受试者的红细胞。用果糖替代葡萄糖时也得到了类似的结果，但当单糖为半乳糖时则不然。红细胞对葡萄糖的利用可通过糖酵解途径和磷酸戊糖途径（PPP）进行。在本实验中，这些途径中特定酶的活性或红细胞的代谢中间产物并无差异。一个例外是运动员红细胞中2,3-二磷酸甘油酸（2,3DPG）升高。需要进行更多实验来确定运动员红细胞中导致葡萄糖消耗增加的变化。
