Beck K H
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1981;8(3):377-88. doi: 10.3109/00952998109009561.
Two social psychological theories (the Fishbein Model and the Health Belief Model) were used to derive attitude and belief factors to predict intentions to drive while under the influence of alcohol and actual drinking-driving behavior in a college population. The results revealed strong support for the Fishbein theory; attitudes and normative beliefs predicted intentions, while intentions were the best predictor of subsequent behavior. From the Health Belief Model, specific beliefs regarding one's effectiveness at being able to avoid getting caught by the police and cause an accident while driving under the influence of alcohol were also significantly related to drinking-driving intentions and behavior. These findings indicate that decisions to drink and drive are the result of one's personal evaluation of this behavior and one's perceived ability to control the threatening consequences. Thus drinking and driving may continue to be so prevalent in a college population because they erroneously believe that they are still safe drivers and effective at controlling the attendant risks.
运用两种社会心理学理论（菲什拜因模型和健康信念模型）推导态度和信念因素，以预测大学生群体在酒精影响下的驾车意图及实际酒后驾车行为。结果有力支持了菲什拜因理论；态度和规范信念可预测意图，而意图是后续行为的最佳预测指标。从健康信念模型来看，关于个人在酒后驾车时避免被警察抓获及引发事故的能力的特定信念，也与酒后驾车意图和行为显著相关。这些发现表明，酒后驾车的决定是个人对该行为的自我评估以及其感知到的控制威胁后果能力的结果。因此，酒后驾车在大学生群体中可能持续普遍存在，因为他们错误地认为自己仍然是安全的驾驶者，并且能够有效控制随之而来的风险。
