Hayden F G, Gwaltney J M, Van de Castle R L, Adams K F, Giordani B
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981 Feb;19(2):226-33. doi: 10.1128/AAC.19.2.226.
The relative toxicities of amantadine and rimantadine were compared in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving healthy adults. In separate studies, drugs were administered at a dosage of 200 mg/day (52 volunteers) or 300 mg/day (196 volunteers) for 4.5 days. Both drugs were well tolerated at the lower dosage. At 300 mg/day amantadine recipients had a greater frequency and severity of central nervous system (nervousness, lightheadedness, difficulty concentrating) and sleep (insomnia, fatigue) complaints compared with rimantadine or placebo recipients. Amantadine recipients also performed less well on an objective test measuring sustained attention and problem-solving ability. Both amantadine and rimantadine recipients reported adverse gastrointestinal symptoms more often than placebo recipients. Because of better tolerance at higher dosage, rimantadine offers more promise than amantadine for treatment of influenza A virus infections.
在一项涉及健康成年人的双盲、安慰剂对照研究中，对金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺的相对毒性进行了比较。在单独的研究中，药物以200毫克/天（52名志愿者）或300毫克/天（196名志愿者）的剂量给药4.5天。两种药物在较低剂量时耐受性良好。在300毫克/天的剂量下，与服用金刚乙胺或安慰剂的受试者相比，服用金刚烷胺的受试者出现中枢神经系统（紧张、头晕、注意力不集中）和睡眠（失眠、疲劳）问题的频率更高、症状更严重。在一项衡量持续注意力和解决问题能力的客观测试中，服用金刚烷胺的受试者表现也较差。与服用安慰剂的受试者相比，服用金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺的受试者报告胃肠道不良症状的频率更高。由于在较高剂量下耐受性更好，金刚乙胺在治疗甲型流感病毒感染方面比金刚烷胺更具前景。
