Churchill D N, Maloney C M, Nolan R, Gault M H, Winsor G
J Urol. 1980 Feb;123(2):237-8. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)55878-4.
We studied retrospectively 38 children who presented with urolithiasis between 1970 and 1977. The sex ratio was 1:1 and the mean age was 9.4 years. A positive family history was found in 36 per cent. Urinary tract abnormalities predisposing to infective urolithiasis was found in 7 children (18 per cent) but required voiding cystography for detection in 5. Hypercalcemia was found in 3 of 32 (8 per cent), while 28 of the 38 patients (74 per cent) had idiopathic urolithiasis. Idiopathic hypercalciuria was found in 5 of 13 patients (38 per cent) with idiopathic urolithiasis. Investigation of urolithiasis in children should include voiding cystography and measurement of urine calcium, as well as oxalate and uric acid, under home diet conditions.
我们回顾性研究了1970年至1977年间出现尿路结石的38名儿童。男女比例为1:1，平均年龄为9.4岁。36%的儿童有阳性家族史。7名儿童（18%）发现有易导致感染性尿路结石的泌尿系统异常，但其中5名需要进行排尿膀胱造影才能检测出来。32名儿童中有3名（8%）出现高钙血症，而38名患者中有28名（74%）患有特发性尿路结石。13名患有特发性尿路结石的患者中有5名（38%）发现有特发性高钙尿症。对儿童尿路结石的调查应包括排尿膀胱造影以及在家庭饮食条件下测量尿钙、草酸盐和尿酸。
