Charney E, Sayre J, Coulter M
Pediatrics. 1980 Feb;65(2):226-31.
Pica for lead-containing paint has been questioned as the principal mechanism for the widespread moderately elevated blood lead levels (30 to 80 microgram/100 ml) in inner city children. This study explored the hypothesis that lead-contaminated household dust is a major source of lead for these children; hand contamination and repetitive mouthing is the proposed mechanism of ingestion. Forty-nine inner city children with blood lead 40 to 70 microgram/100 ml were matched with 50 children with blood lead less than or equal to 29 microgram/100 ml from the same inner city environment. House dust lead and lead on hands were found in significantly greater quantity among experimental subjects. Other factors differed between groups; lead content of peeling paint, soil lead, and pica affected more experimental than control children, but did not account for more than 50% of experimental cases. The cause of moderate blood lead elevation is multifactoral: no single source accounted for all children with elevated levels. However, lead contamination of house dust and hands appears to be a major factor in this condition.
吞食含铅油漆被质疑是导致市中心儿童普遍出现血铅水平适度升高(30至80微克/100毫升)的主要机制。本研究探讨了以下假设:受铅污染的家庭灰尘是这些儿童铅的主要来源;手部沾染和反复啃咬是推测的摄入机制。49名市中心儿童血铅水平为40至70微克/100毫升,与来自同一市中心环境的50名血铅水平小于或等于29微克/100毫升的儿童进行匹配。在实验对象中发现家庭灰尘铅和手部铅的含量明显更高。两组之间的其他因素也有所不同;剥落油漆中的铅含量、土壤铅含量和异食癖对实验儿童的影响比对对照儿童的影响更大,但在实验病例中所占比例不超过50%。血铅适度升高的原因是多因素的:没有单一来源能解释所有血铅水平升高的儿童。然而,家庭灰尘和手部的铅污染似乎是导致这种情况的一个主要因素。