Ciuffreda K J, Kenyon R V, Stark L
Br J Ophthalmol. 1980 Jan;64(1):7-14. doi: 10.1136/bjo.64.1.7.
Reports are conflicting on the presence of increased drift in amblyopic eyes. Furthermore, the individual effects of either amblyopia or strabismus alone on ocular drift have not been systematically investigated. We therefore used a photoelectric method to record horizontal eye position during monocular and binocular fixation in patients having amblyopia without strabismus, intermittent strabismus, or constant strabismus amblyopia. Our principal finding was increased drift amplitude (up to 3.5 degree) and velocity (up to 3.0 degrees per second) in amblyopic eyes during monocular fixation. While increased drift was found 75% of the time in amblyopia without strabismus and 50% of the time in constant strabismus amblyopia, it was found only 20% of the time in intermittent strabismus. Amblyopic drift could be either error-producing or error-correcting in nature. Increased drift was not present during monocular fixation with the dominant eye or during binocular fixation in any of our 16 patients. We therefore conclude that amblyopia and not strabismus is a necessary condition for the presence of markedly increased fixational drift. Increased drift amplitude but not velocity may adversely affect visual acuity in the amblyopic eye.
关于弱视眼是否存在更大的眼位漂移，报告结果相互矛盾。此外，单独的弱视或斜视对眼位漂移的个体影响尚未得到系统研究。因此，我们采用光电方法记录了无斜视的弱视患者、间歇性斜视患者或恒定性斜视性弱视患者单眼和双眼注视时的水平眼位。我们的主要发现是，在单眼注视期间，弱视眼的眼位漂移幅度（高达3.5度）和速度（高达每秒3.0度）增加。在无斜视的弱视患者中，75%的时间出现了眼位漂移增加；在恒定性斜视性弱视患者中，50%的时间出现了眼位漂移增加；而在间歇性斜视患者中，仅20%的时间出现了眼位漂移增加。弱视性眼位漂移本质上可能是产生误差的，也可能是纠正误差的。在我们的16例患者中，优势眼单眼注视期间或双眼注视期间均未出现眼位漂移增加。因此，我们得出结论，弱视而非斜视是注视性眼位漂移显著增加的必要条件。眼位漂移幅度增加而非速度增加可能会对弱视眼的视力产生不利影响。
