Azevêdo E S, Freire-Maia N, Azevedo M C, Weimer T A, Souza M M
Ann Hum Genet. 1980 Jan;43(3):255-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1980.tb01559.x.
A group of 925 adult in-patients of a Brazilian general hospital was matched by race (subdivided in five groups) and age with a group of 925 of their visitors, who were taken as controls. Illiteracy increases from Whites to Blacks and is significantly more prevalent among the patients than among their respective controls. Inbreeding, on the contrary, increases from Blacks to Whites. White patients showed a significantly higher rate of inbreeding than their corresponding controls. The difference is also significant for the fraction Whites plus Light Mulattoes, but not for the other race subgroups. As regards the total, the significance is present only in a one-tailed distribution. It is concluded that the inbreeding load (if any) acting on the total of the patients is negligible; it seems significantly different from 0 only among Whites. No inbreeding effect could be verified, however, on any particular condition among the Whites. Estimates of the number of morbid equivalents per gamete (morbons) revealed values which are both significantly (among Whites and Whites plus Light Mulattoes) and non-significantly (among the other racial subgroups) different from zero. These estimates reflect the situation in the sample which has been artificially organized to contain 50% of patients.
巴西一家综合医院的925名成年住院患者，按种族（细分为五组）和年龄与925名探视者进行匹配，这些探视者作为对照组。文盲率从白人到黑人呈上升趋势，且在患者中比在其相应对照组中更为普遍。相反，近亲繁殖率从黑人到白人呈上升趋势。白人患者的近亲繁殖率明显高于其相应对照组。对于白人加浅肤色混血儿这一群体，差异也很显著，但其他种族亚组则不然。总体而言，显著性仅存在于单尾分布中。得出的结论是，作用于患者总数的近亲繁殖负荷（如果有的话）可以忽略不计；仅在白人中似乎显著不同于0。然而，在白人中的任何特定病症上都未证实有近亲繁殖效应。对每个配子中病态等效物数量（致病基因）的估计显示，其值在白人以及白人加深肤色混血儿群体中显著不同于零，而在其他种族亚组中则不显著。这些估计反映了人为组织的样本中的情况，该样本包含50%的患者。
