Shaywitz S E, Cohen D J, Shaywitz B A
J Pediatr. 1980 Jun;96(6):978-82. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(80)80621-4.
Children referred to the Learning Disorders Unit of the Yale-New Haven Hospital were evaluated for indications of prenatal exposure to ethanol. In a total population of 87 children, 15 were found to have a history of maternal heavy drinking during pregnancy. The 11 boys and four girls ranged in age from 6 1/2 to 18 1/2 years. Birth weights ranged from 1,580 to 3,150 gm, median weight 2,213 gm. All growth measurements were affected: head circumference 60% less than tenth percentile, height 60% less than tenth percentile, weight 74% less than twenty-fifth percentile. The children had a continuum of dysmorphic features of FAS, with an inverse relationship noted between age of presentation and intensity of dysmorphic features. All had intelligence in the average range (IQ 82 to 113), yet experienced persistent academic failure. In addition, all shared problems of activity and attention regulation. Our results suggest a continuum of teratogenic effects of ethanol on the CNS. Alcohol exposure in utero may be an important, preventable determinant of attention deficit syndromes in childhood.
转介至耶鲁-纽黑文医院学习障碍科的儿童接受了产前接触乙醇指征的评估。在总共87名儿童中，发现15名儿童的母亲在孕期有酗酒史。这11名男孩和4名女孩的年龄在6岁半至18岁半之间。出生体重在1580克至3150克之间，平均体重为2213克。所有生长指标均受影响：头围比第十百分位数低60%，身高比第十百分位数低60%，体重比第二十五百分位数低74%。这些儿童具有胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FAS）一系列的畸形特征，且发现畸形特征的严重程度与出现年龄呈反比关系。所有儿童的智力均处于平均水平（智商82至113），但学业持续失败。此外，他们都存在活动和注意力调节方面的问题。我们的结果表明乙醇对中枢神经系统具有一系列致畸作用。子宫内接触酒精可能是儿童注意力缺陷综合征一个重要的、可预防的决定因素。
