Rothstein R J
Ann Emerg Med. 1980 Jun;9(6):327-30. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(80)80070-9.
Theophylline preparations have long been the mainstay in the management of asthma. Recently clinical and laboratory investigations have provided us with some useful information regarding the appropriate dosage and elimination of the drug. If morbidity is to be avoided, knowledge of the basic pharmacokinetics of theophylline, as well as recognition of the parameters which have clinically significant influences on those kinetics, is essential to the emergency physician who has occasion to treat asthmatics. Theophylline levels should be utilized whenever available, but clinical acumen must suffice in their absence. Subtle signs of toxicity must be recognized before more serious complications ensue. Armed with more recent knowledge, the emergency physician should be able to provide optimal therapy for the asthmatic.
茶碱制剂长期以来一直是哮喘治疗的主要药物。最近，临床和实验室研究为我们提供了一些关于该药物合适剂量和消除的有用信息。为避免发病，了解茶碱的基本药代动力学，以及认识对这些动力学有临床显著影响的参数，对于有机会治疗哮喘患者的急诊医生来说至关重要。只要有条件，就应检测茶碱水平，但在无法检测时，临床敏锐度必须足够。在更严重的并发症出现之前，必须识别出毒性的细微迹象。有了最新的知识，急诊医生应该能够为哮喘患者提供最佳治疗。
