Lay K S, Bancalari E, Malkus H, Baker R, Strauss J
J Pediatr. 1980 Oct;97(4):619-23. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(80)80025-4.
The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of albumin infusion on blood volume and renal function in preterm infants with RDS and low total serum protein values. Ten infants (gestational age 28 to 36 weeks, body weight 0.88 to 2.46 kg) were given albumin 1 gm/kg (as 25% iv solution) over a ten-minute period. Within ten minutes after infusion was completed, total serum protein concentration, colloid osmotic pressure, and blood volume rose significantly while hematocrit fell from their preinfusion levels (P < 0.0005). Mean arterial blood pressure showed a smaller and less clear-cut increase (P < 0.05). Creatinine clearance rose significantly with infusion; even though preinfusion clearances correlated poorly with gestational age (r = 0.43), postinfusion clearances correlated well (r = 0.92). No significant rises in urinary flow rate Uosm/Posm, or free-water clearance were observed. These results indicate that albumin infusion acutely increases both blood volume and glomerular filtration in premature infants with RDS.
本研究的目的是确定输注白蛋白对患有呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）且血清总蛋白值低的早产儿血容量和肾功能的急性影响。10名婴儿（胎龄28至36周，体重0.88至2.46千克）在10分钟内静脉输注1克/千克白蛋白（25%静脉溶液）。输注完成后10分钟内，血清总蛋白浓度、胶体渗透压和血容量显著升高，而血细胞比容从输注前水平下降（P<0.0005）。平均动脉血压升高幅度较小且不明显（P<0.05）。输注白蛋白后肌酐清除率显著升高；尽管输注前清除率与胎龄相关性较差（r=0.43），但输注后清除率相关性良好（r=0.92）。未观察到尿流率、尿渗透压/血浆渗透压或自由水清除率有显著升高。这些结果表明，输注白蛋白可使患有RDS的早产儿血容量和肾小球滤过率急性增加。
