Linde C J
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1980 Jun;6(2):135-45. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2622.
The effect of welding fumes on ocular readaptation time (RAT) has been investigated. Objective measurements of RAT were obtained from a determination of the recovery time for optokinetic nystagmus following a bright flash of light. Welding electrodes of different types and chemical compositions were used. Welding fumes and the breathed gases were analyzed for particles, and the blood concentration of certain trace elements was determined. The results show that fumes from basic electrodes, containing high amounts of calcium and fluorides, and sometimes copper, produced a marked increase in RAT. The fumes from rutile electrodes, containing only low amounts of these substances, produced no demonstrable prolongation or RAT. Nor was RAT affected by the copper content of the electrodes. Thus the results appear to indicate that fluorides in the fumes produced by the basic electrodes cause the prolongation of RAT. The substances causing this prolongation seem to be bound to fume particles greater than 0.3 micron. Discomfort--nausea and headache--correlated with increased RAT prolongation. But analyses of the ambient air and of trace elements in the blood did not reveal any changes that could be correlated with the effect on RAT. RAT changes measured in conjunction with the inhalation of fumes from basic electrode welding are comparable to those seen after the intake of a therapeutic dose of oxazepam.
已对焊接烟尘对眼再适应时间（RAT）的影响进行了研究。通过测定强光闪烁后视动性眼球震颤的恢复时间，获得了RAT的客观测量值。使用了不同类型和化学成分的焊接电极。对焊接烟尘和呼出气体中的颗粒进行了分析，并测定了某些微量元素的血液浓度。结果表明，碱性焊条产生的烟尘，含有大量的钙、氟化物，有时还有铜，会使RAT显著增加。金红石型焊条产生的烟尘，这些物质含量较低，并未使RAT出现明显延长。RAT也不受焊条铜含量的影响。因此，结果似乎表明，碱性焊条产生的烟尘中的氟化物会导致RAT延长。导致这种延长的物质似乎与大于0.3微米的烟尘颗粒结合在一起。不适——恶心和头痛——与RAT延长增加相关。但对环境空气和血液中微量元素的分析未发现任何与对RAT的影响相关的变化。与吸入碱性焊条焊接产生的烟尘相关的RAT变化与服用治疗剂量的奥沙西泮后观察到的变化相当。
