Matthews K A, Saal F E
Psychosom Med. 1978 Dec;40(8):631-6. doi: 10.1097/00006842-197812000-00005.
The present investigation examined the relationship of Pattern A as assessed by the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) and interview to measures of job involvement and a series of motivation constructs included because of their descriptive resemblance to Pattern A. The Type A scores were unrelated to achievement, power, and affiliation motives. Individuals high on resultant achievement motivation (high on nAch and low on test anxiety) scored as extreme Type A's on the JAS. Job involvement was also related to JAS Type A measures but was unrelated to the interview Type A. Evidently Pattern A, because of its multidimensional nature, is not strongly related to individual constructs. As our knowledge increases about the Pattern A characteristics that contribute to coronary-proneness, we can more adequately develop measures of those characteristics and individually relate them to current psychological constructs.
本研究通过詹金斯活动调查（JAS）和访谈评估了A型行为模式与工作投入度测量指标以及一系列动机结构之间的关系，之所以纳入这些动机结构是因为它们在描述上与A型行为模式相似。A型行为得分与成就、权力和归属动机无关。在综合成就动机方面得分高的个体（nAch得分高且考试焦虑得分低）在JAS中被评为极端A型。工作投入度也与JAS中的A型测量指标相关，但与访谈中的A型无关。显然，由于A型行为模式具有多维度性质，它与个体结构的关联并不紧密。随着我们对导致易患冠心病的A型行为模式特征的了解不断增加，我们能够更充分地开发这些特征的测量方法，并将它们分别与当前的心理结构联系起来。
