Kajimoto Y, Rosenberg M E, Kyttä J, Randell T, Tuominen M, Reunala T, Rosenberg P H
Department of Anaesthesiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1995 Aug;39(6):782-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1995.tb04170.x.
Methylparaben, the preservative of various local anaesthetic solutions, is a potential allergen. In a double-blind study, 0.5% prilocaine with (Citanest, n = 100) or without (n = 100) methylparaben were compared for the occurrence of skin reactions after intravenous regional anaesthesia of the arm in surgical patients. Skin reactions were registered after the deflation of the tourniquet cuff, and intradermal tests were performed with 0.5% prilocaine, 0.1% methylparaben and saline in all patients. Seventeen patients in the Citanest group and four patients in the methylparaben-free prilocaine group developed erythematous skin reactions in the exposed arm after deflation of the tourniquet cuff (P < 0.05, between the groups). The skin symptoms disappeared within an hour and were always restricted to the region which had been anaesthetised. None of the affected patients had positive intradermal tests. The observed skin reactions are probably non-IgE-mediated anaphylactoid reactions in which the presence of methylparaben in the local anaesthetic solution plays a major role.
对羟基苯甲酸甲酯是多种局部麻醉溶液的防腐剂，它是一种潜在的过敏原。在一项双盲研究中，对100例手术患者进行手臂静脉区域麻醉后，比较了含对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（辛可卡因，n = 100）或不含对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（n = 100）的0.5%丙胺卡因引发皮肤反应的情况。在松开止血带袖带后记录皮肤反应，并对所有患者用0.5%丙胺卡因、0.1%对羟基苯甲酸甲酯和生理盐水进行皮内试验。在松开止血带袖带后，辛可卡因组有17例患者，不含对羟基苯甲酸甲酯的丙胺卡因组有4例患者在暴露的手臂出现皮肤红斑反应（两组之间P < 0.05）。皮肤症状在一小时内消失，且总是局限于麻醉区域。所有受影响的患者皮内试验均为阴性。观察到的皮肤反应可能是非IgE介导的类过敏反应，局部麻醉溶液中对羟基苯甲酸甲酯的存在起主要作用。
