Manguin S, Roberts D R, Peyton E L, Fernandez-Salas I, Barreto M, Fernandez Loayza R, Elgueta Spinola R, Martinez Granaou R, Rodriguez M H
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Oct;53(4):362-77. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.362.
An electrophoretic survey of 42 populations of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis collected throughout its known geographic distribution was performed to clarify the taxonomic status of this important malaria vector species. The results indicated strong differences in the allele frequencies of three enzyme loci (glycerol dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucomutase) of the 33 loci analyzed. No fixed electromorphic differences separate the populations of An. pseudopunctipennis. The populations of An. pseudopunctipennis showed little genetic divergence, with Nei distances ranging from 0 to 0.079. A comparison of An. pseudopunctipennis data with either one of three other Anopheles species showed a high genetic distance of 0.335 with a closely related species, An. franciscanus; 0.997 with An. crucians, and 2.355 with An. (Nyssorhynchus) albimanus. Geographic populations of An. pseudopunctipennis were classified into three clusters; one cluster included populations collected in North America (United States and Mexico) and Guatemala, one cluster included populations from Belize and South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, and Argentina); and one cluster was represented by populations from the Island of Grenada (type-locality of An. pseudopunctipennis). Based on our isozyme analyses, we defined these clusters as three geographic populations of An. pseudopunctipennis. Of the two mainland populations, one extends from the southern United States south through Mexico and Guatemala, and the other extends north from southern South America through Central America to Belize. These two geographic populations converge in southern Mexico and northern Central America. One part of the convergence zone was identified in the area of eastern Guatemala and southern Belize.
为了阐明这一重要疟疾传播媒介物种的分类地位，我们对在其已知地理分布范围内收集的42个伪点按蚊种群进行了电泳调查。结果表明，在所分析的33个基因座中，三个酶基因座（甘油脱氢酶、6 - 磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶和磷酸葡萄糖变位酶）的等位基因频率存在显著差异。没有固定的电形态差异将伪点按蚊的种群区分开来。伪点按蚊种群显示出很少的遗传分化，内氏距离范围为0至0.079。将伪点按蚊的数据与其他三种按蚊中的任何一种进行比较，结果显示与近缘物种弗朗西斯按蚊的遗传距离为0.335；与十字按蚊为0.997，与白跗按蚊（尼氏按蚊亚属）为2.355。伪点按蚊的地理种群分为三个聚类；一个聚类包括在北美洲（美国和墨西哥）以及危地马拉收集的种群，一个聚类包括来自伯利兹和南美洲（哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、智利和阿根廷）的种群；还有一个聚类以格林纳达岛（伪点按蚊的模式产地）的种群为代表。基于我们的同工酶分析，我们将这些聚类定义为伪点按蚊的三个地理种群。在两个大陆种群中，一个从美国南部向南延伸穿过墨西哥和危地马拉，另一个从南美洲南部向北延伸穿过中美洲至伯利兹。这两个地理种群在墨西哥南部和中美洲北部交汇。交汇区域的一部分位于危地马拉东部和伯利兹南部地区。
