Dick G S, Meller S T, Pinkerton C R
Paediatric Department, Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey.
Arch Dis Child. 1995 Sep;73(3):243-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.73.3.243.
The serotonin (5HT3) antagonist ondansetron was compared in a randomised study with metoclopramide and dexamethasone for the prevention of chemotherapy induced emesis. Thirty children aged 1-15 years with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia received 'intensification modules' according to the MRC United Kingdom acute lymphoblastic leukaemia regimen UKALL XI. This contains the moderately emetogenic drugs daunorubicin, etoposide, and cytarabine. Fifteen children received an intravenous loading dose of ondansetron followed by intravenous or oral doses 12 hourly for five days. Fifteen children received intravenous metoclopramide every six hours for three days with a loading dose of dexamethasone, repeated every eight hours for three days intravenously or orally. Efficacy was assessed by a diary card documenting the incidence of nausea, retching, or vomiting. In the 24 hour period after starting chemotherapy, ondansetron was more effective, with a complete or major response rate of 93%, compared with 33% using metoclopramide/dexamethasone.
在一项随机研究中，对5-羟色胺（5HT3）拮抗剂昂丹司琼与甲氧氯普胺和地塞米松预防化疗引起的呕吐进行了比较。30名年龄在1至15岁的急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童按照英国医学研究理事会（MRC）的英国急性淋巴细胞白血病方案UKALL XI接受“强化治疗模块”。该方案包含中度致吐药物柔红霉素、依托泊苷和阿糖胞苷。15名儿童接受昂丹司琼静脉负荷剂量，随后每12小时静脉或口服给药，持续5天。15名儿童每6小时静脉注射甲氧氯普胺3天，并给予地塞米松负荷剂量，每8小时重复一次，静脉或口服给药3天。通过记录恶心、干呕或呕吐发生率的日记卡评估疗效。在开始化疗后的24小时内，昂丹司琼更有效，完全或主要缓解率为93%，而使用甲氧氯普胺/地塞米松的缓解率为33%。
