Hazinski M F, Eddy V A, Morris J A
Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA.
J Trauma. 1995 Dec;39(6):1063-8. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199512000-00008.
Young children can learn safety behavior in the public school system. These children will modify family seat belt use. SETTING DESIGN: This is a prospective cohort analytic study conducted in a 50,000 square mile regionalized trauma center referral area.
A school-based injury prevention program targeting kindergarten through second-grade (K-2) students addressed four aspects of traffic safety: seat belt use, pedestrian and bicycle safety, school bus safety, and unsafe rides. After inservice instruction, teachers taught the program over a 10-week period. A simultaneous community traffic safety program was conducted through the media. Family seat belt use was monitored by blinded observation at six study schools and one control school. Income level of schools was characterized as low or high, based on student use of federal lunch subsidies. School program implementation was defined as good or poor, based on adherence to teaching protocol.
A total of 68,650 K-2 students have completed this traffic safety program during 1990 to 1994. During the study year (1992 to 1993), 25,900 students completed the program taught by 1,400 teachers in 95 schools. A total of 5,936 observations of seat belt use were made in seven schools. Income stratification delineated a subset of these schools in which seat belt use increased by 86% (p = 0.01). Half of the schools failed to follow protocol, and no change in seat belt use was observed.
(1) School K-2 safety education improves family seat belt use, (2) low income schools should be targeted, and (3) strict adherence to the teaching protocol is essential.
幼儿能够在公立学校系统中学习安全行为。这些孩子会改变家庭安全带的使用情况。
这是一项前瞻性队列分析研究，在一个面积为50000平方英里的区域创伤中心转诊地区开展。
一项针对幼儿园至二年级（K-2）学生的校内伤害预防计划涉及交通安全的四个方面：安全带使用、行人与自行车安全、校车安全以及不安全乘车。在职培训后，教师在10周内教授该计划。同时通过媒体开展社区交通安全计划。在六所研究学校和一所对照学校通过盲法观察监测家庭安全带使用情况。根据学生使用联邦午餐补贴的情况，将学校的收入水平分为低或高。根据对教学协议的遵守情况，将学校计划的实施情况定义为好或差。
1990年至1994年期间，共有68650名K-2学生完成了这项交通安全计划。在研究年度（1992年至1993年），25900名学生在95所学校完成了由1400名教师授课的计划。在七所学校共进行了5936次安全带使用情况观察。收入分层确定了其中一部分学校，这些学校的安全带使用率提高了86%（p = 0.01）。一半的学校未遵循协议，未观察到安全带使用情况的变化。
（1）K-2年级的学校安全教育可提高家庭安全带的使用率，（2）应将低收入学校作为目标，（3）严格遵守教学协议至关重要。
