Hanfling M J, Mangus L G, Gill A C, Bailey R
Baylor College of Medicine, Pediatrics, Academic General, Pediatric Injury Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Inj Prev. 2000 Jun;6(2):125-9. doi: 10.1136/ip.6.2.125.
To increase proper use of seat belts and car seats, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality from motor vehicle collisions.
The Vehicle Injury Prevention program community intervention was implemented in Houston, Texas. Effectiveness data are limited to "target area one", an impoverished neighborhood in northeast Harris County.
This multifaceted public health education campaign brought together six segments of the community: education, health, government, law enforcement, private industry, and the media, to improve restraint use. It was evaluated by observation of proper restraint use before and nine months after implementation. Trained, independent observers made observations of occupants in the target area and at two comparison sites. Pre-post differences in restraint compliance were calculated by a standard binomial proportion test.
Motorists in target area one significantly improved their restraint use by 15% (p<0.05) from 39% pre-intervention to 54% post-intervention, whereas use in the comparison neighborhoods remained unchanged.
Implementation of a public health education program, combined with economic incentives to increase vehicle restraint use, can be successful with multifaceted community support.
提高安全带和汽车座椅的正确使用率，从而降低机动车碰撞事故导致的发病率和死亡率。
车辆伤害预防项目社区干预在得克萨斯州休斯敦实施。有效性数据仅限于“目标区域一”，即哈里斯县东北部的一个贫困社区。
这场多方面的公共卫生教育活动汇聚了社区的六个部分：教育、卫生、政府、执法部门、私营企业和媒体，以提高约束装置的使用率。通过观察实施前及实施九个月后的正确约束装置使用情况进行评估。训练有素的独立观察员在目标区域和两个对照地点对乘车人员进行观察。通过标准二项式比例检验计算约束装置合规性的前后差异。
目标区域一的驾车者约束装置使用率从干预前的39%显著提高了15%（p<0.05），达到干预后的54%，而对照社区的使用率保持不变。
在多方面的社区支持下，实施公共卫生教育项目并结合经济激励措施以提高车辆约束装置的使用率能够取得成功。
