McFarlane J, Greenberg L, Weltge A, Watson M
J Emerg Nurs. 1995 Oct;21(5):391-4. doi: 10.1016/s0099-1767(05)80103-5.
A national health objective for the year 2000 is that at least 90% of hospital emergency departments have protocols for routine identification, treatment, and referral for victims of spouse abuse. An effective assessment tool is needed to implement such protocols.
To test the effectiveness of a two-question, nurse-administered, screening tool to detect physical abuse, 416 black, Hispanic, and white women coming to public and private emergency departments with vaginal bleeding were asked two questions. Additionally, a 14-item Danger Assessment Scale to determine risk factors of homicide was administered to all women.
In response to the two-question abuse assessment screen, 38% of the 416 women reported a history of physical or sexual abuse. For 61% of the women, the last episode of abuse occurred within the last 12 months. White women reported significantly more abuse than other ethnic groups (chi 2 = 18.71; df = 2; p = 0.00009). Teenagers reported more risk factors of homicide.
Abuse to women who seek care in emergency departments is common and easily detected with a straightforward two-question screen. Universal assessment and accompanying information on safety and community resources is essential to interrupt abuse, prevent further trauma and potential homicide, and promote the health and safety of women.
2000年的一项全国性卫生目标是，至少90%的医院急诊科制定针对配偶虐待受害者进行常规识别、治疗及转诊的方案。需要一种有效的评估工具来实施此类方案。
为测试一种由护士使用的、包含两个问题的筛查工具检测身体虐待的有效性，对416名因阴道出血前往公立和私立急诊科的黑人、西班牙裔及白人女性询问了两个问题。此外，还对所有女性使用了一个包含14项内容的危险评估量表来确定杀人风险因素。
在回答这两个关于虐待评估的问题时，416名女性中有38%报告曾遭受身体或性虐待。对于61%的女性而言，最近一次虐待事件发生在过去12个月内。白人女性报告遭受虐待的情况显著多于其他种族群体（卡方检验χ2 = 18.71；自由度df = 2；p = 0.00009）。青少年报告的杀人风险因素更多。
在急诊科寻求治疗的女性遭受虐待的情况很常见，通过简单的两个问题筛查即可轻易检测出来。进行普遍评估并提供有关安全及社区资源的信息对于制止虐待、防止进一步创伤和潜在杀人行为以及促进女性的健康和安全至关重要。
