Carere A, Antoccia A, Crebelli R, Degrassi F, Fiore M, Iavarone I, Isacchi G, Lagorio S, Leopardi P, Marcon F
Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology and Ecotoxicology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Mutat Res. 1995 Nov;332(1-2):17-26. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00081-9.
Workers in the petroleum distribution trades experience relatively high-level exposures to fuel vapours whose consequences have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the possible relationship between occupational exposure to petroleum fuels and cytogenetic damages in peripheral lymphocytes was investigated. Twenty-three male, non-smoking workers from the area of Rome were enrolled in the study, together with age-paired controls with no occupational exposure to fuels. Peripheral lymphocyte cultures were set up for the analysis of structural chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronuclei (MN) in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes. Frequencies of CAs, SCEs and MN were compared between exposed and control groups, and evaluated in relation to blood lead level (as an indicator of engine exhausts exposure) for the whole group under study, and to yearly averaged exposure to benzene (8-h time weighted averages, as determined by repeated personal sampling) for fillingstation attendants only. Both CAs and SCEs were slightly increased in station attendants: 1.97 versus 1.46 aberrations per 100 cells, and 4.73 +/- 0.15 versus 4.48 +/- 0.11 SCEs/cell in exposed and control individuals, respectively. The difference between cumulative CA rates in the exposed and control populations was of borderline statistical significance (p = 0.066). However, when the exposed population was dichotomized for benzene exposure, a significant (p = 0.018) correlation of CAs with benzene exposure was found. The analysis of SCE data highlighted a significant increase of cells with more than 6 exchanges (HFCs), corresponding to the 75 degrees percentile of the overall distribution, in fillingstation attendants (relative risk (RR) = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1-1.5) in comparison with controls. In the pooled population, the frequency of HFCs showed a statistically significant upward trend at increasing blood lead levels (chi 2 for trend = 27.8, p < 0.0001). A complex relationship between SCEs and benzene exposure was observed, with an increased frequency of HFCs in the medium exposure intensity class (RR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2-1.7), and no difference for exposure to higher benzene levels (RR = 1.0, 95% CI = 0.9-1.2), compared to reference subjects. Finally, the analysis of MN in both phytohemagglutinin- and pokeweed-stimulated cell cultures did not show significant excess of MN in binucleated lymphocytes of exposed workers with respect to the age-paired controls.
从事石油分销行业的工人接触燃料蒸气的程度相对较高，但其后果尚未完全阐明。在本研究中，调查了职业性接触石油燃料与外周血淋巴细胞细胞遗传学损伤之间的可能关系。来自罗马地区的23名男性不吸烟工人参与了该研究，同时选取了年龄匹配的无职业性燃料接触史的对照者。建立外周血淋巴细胞培养体系，用于分析胞质分裂阻滞淋巴细胞中的染色体结构畸变（CA）、姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）和微核（MN）。比较暴露组和对照组之间CA、SCE和MN的频率，并针对整个研究组的血铅水平（作为发动机尾气暴露的指标）以及仅针对加油站工作人员的苯年平均暴露量（通过重复个体采样确定的8小时时间加权平均值）进行评估。加油站工作人员的CA和SCE均略有增加：暴露组和对照组每100个细胞中的畸变率分别为1.97和1.46，每个细胞的SCE分别为4.73±0.15和4.48±0.11。暴露人群和对照人群累积CA率之间的差异具有边缘统计学意义（p = 0.066）。然而，当根据苯暴露情况将暴露人群分为两组时，发现CA与苯暴露之间存在显著相关性（p = 0.018）。对SCE数据的分析突出显示，与对照组相比，加油站工作人员中交换次数超过6次的细胞（HFC）显著增加（相对风险（RR）= 1.3，95%置信区间 = 1.1 - 1.5），对应于总体分布的第75百分位数。在合并人群中，随着血铅水平升高，HFC频率呈现出统计学上显著的上升趋势（趋势χ² = 27.8，p < 0.0001）。观察到SCE与苯暴露之间存在复杂关系，与参照对象相比，中等暴露强度组的HFC频率增加（RR = 1.5，95%置信区间 = 1.2 - 1.7），而高苯水平暴露组无差异（RR = 1.0，95%置信区间 = 0.9 - 1.2）。最后，在植物血凝素和商陆刺激的细胞培养物中对MN进行分析，结果显示，与年龄匹配的对照组相比，暴露工人双核淋巴细胞中的MN没有显著增加。
