Rawlins S C, Wan J O
Caribbean Epidemiology Centre (CAREC), Port of Spain, Trinidad.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1995 Mar;11(1):59-65.
Thirty-four strains of Aedes aegypti larvae from 17 Caribbean countries were bioassayed for sensitivity to temephos, malathion, fenitrothion, fenthion, and chlorpyrifos. There were fairly high levels of resistance in Tortola (10-12-fold resistance) and Antigua (6-9-fold resistance) strains to temephos and to fenthion (Tortola, 7-10-fold; Antigua, 6-10-fold resistance). Most other strains showed some resistance to malathion, fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos, but only moderate levels. Adult populations of Ae. aegypti--Aruba, Jamaica, Trinidad, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia, and Antigua strains--also showed moderate resistance to malathion. Mosquito control field data supported the laboratory findings. Doubling the diagnostic dosage of temephos for larval Ae. aegypti was only partially effective against a more resistant strain, and even so, the chemical lost its limited efficacy over a short period of time. Integrated strategies for Ae. aegypti control to mitigate the negative effects of insecticide resistance in the Caribbean strains are suggested.
对来自17个加勒比国家的34株埃及伊蚊幼虫进行了生物测定，以检测它们对杀螟硫磷、马拉硫磷、杀螟松、倍硫磷和毒死蜱的敏感性。托尔托拉岛（10 - 12倍抗性）和安提瓜岛（6 - 9倍抗性）的菌株对杀螟硫磷和倍硫磷具有相当高的抗性水平（托尔托拉岛，7 - 10倍；安提瓜岛，6 - 10倍抗性）。大多数其他菌株对马拉硫磷、杀螟松和毒死蜱表现出一定抗性，但仅为中等水平。埃及伊蚊的成虫种群——阿鲁巴岛、牙买加、特立尼达、波多黎各、圣卢西亚和安提瓜岛的菌株——对马拉硫磷也表现出中等抗性。蚊虫控制现场数据支持了实验室研究结果。将杀螟硫磷对埃及伊蚊幼虫的诊断剂量加倍，对更具抗性的菌株仅部分有效，即便如此，该化学药剂在短时间内就失去了其有限的效力。建议采取综合策略来控制加勒比地区菌株中的埃及伊蚊，以减轻杀虫剂抗性的负面影响。
