Pawlotsky J M, Bélec L, Grésenguet G, Deforges L, Bouvier M, Duval J, Dhumeaux D
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris XII, Créteil, France.
J Med Virol. 1995 Jul;46(3):269-72. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890460318.
The Central African Republic is located in tropical Africa, where both the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are highly endemic. The exact prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) markers in this country is unknown. The aim of the study was to determine, according to HIV and HBV serostatus, the prevalence of these markers in young sexually active adults in the Central African Republic. One hundred and fifty-seven consecutive patients attending the National Centre for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Bangui were included. The following serological markers were examined: (i) anti-HIV1 and anti-HIV2 antibodies; (ii) markers of HBV infection; (iii) anti-HCV antibodies; (iv) anti-HEV antibodies. Anti-HIV1 antibodies were found in 31 of the 157 patients (20%). The prevalence of anti-HBc antibodies, reflecting exposure to HBV, was 140/157 (89%) and 45 had detectable anti-HBs antibodies. Twenty-two patients (14%) were chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), but only one was HBe antigen-positive. Anti-HCV antibodies were found in 8 persons (5%) and anti-HEV antibodies in 38 (24%). No difference was found in the prevalence of these markers according to the presence or absence of anti-HIV antibodies. This study confirms the high rate of HIV infection, HBV exposure and chronic carriage of HBsAg in sexually active young adults in the Central African Republic. A high prevalence of HCV markers was found in this population, similar to that reported in neighbouring countries, together with a high rate of HEV markers, suggesting that HEV is endemic in this region.
中非共和国位于热带非洲，这里人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）都是高度流行的。该国丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）标志物的确切流行率尚不清楚。本研究的目的是根据HIV和HBV血清学状态，确定中非共和国性活跃年轻成年人中这些标志物的流行率。纳入了157名连续就诊于班吉国家性传播疾病中心的患者。检测了以下血清学标志物：（i）抗HIV1和抗HIV2抗体；（ii）HBV感染标志物；（iii）抗HCV抗体；（iv）抗HEV抗体。在157名患者中有31名（20%）检测到抗HIV1抗体。反映HBV暴露的抗-HBc抗体流行率为140/157（89%），45名患者可检测到抗-HBs抗体。22名患者（14%）是乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）的慢性携带者，但只有1名HBe抗原阳性。8人（5%）检测到抗HCV抗体，38人（24%）检测到抗HEV抗体。根据是否存在抗HIV抗体，这些标志物的流行率没有差异。本研究证实了中非共和国性活跃年轻成年人中HIV感染、HBV暴露和HBsAg慢性携带的高发生率。在该人群中发现HCV标志物的高流行率，与邻国报告的情况相似，同时HEV标志物的发生率也很高，表明HEV在该地区是地方性流行的。
