Krakow B, Tandberg D, Scriggins L, Barey M
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque 87131-5246, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1995 Oct;183(10):623-7. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199510000-00002.
A cross-sectional study was performed to retrospectively assess self-rated sleep complaints in three groups of subjects: controls without nightmares (N = 77), acute nightmares sufferers (< 6 months duration, N = 36), and chronic nightmare sufferers (> 6 months duration, N = 128). Four specific complaints of sleep disturbance were categorically measured to ascertain the presence or absence of the symptom: fear of going to sleep; awakenings from sleep; difficulty returning to sleep; and fitful, restless sleep. Each of the four separate sleep complaints were significantly more common in the acute (p < .0001) and chronic (p < .0001) nightmare groups compared with controls. A summed aggregate score of the four sleep complaints was also higher in both the acute (p < .0001) and chronic groups (p < .0001) compared with controls. Ninety-one percent of all subjects with nightmares reported at least one sleep complaint. Between-group assessments, comparing acute and chronic nightmare sufferers for any of the four variables and the aggregate, demonstrated no statistically significant findings, although a few trends were noted. A dose-response relationship was not observed for nightmare frequency or chronicity for any of the four sleep variables or their aggregate. The relationship between nightmares and disturbed sleep is discussed.
进行了一项横断面研究，以回顾性评估三组受试者的自评睡眠问题：无噩梦的对照组（N = 77）、急性噩梦患者（病程<6个月，N = 36）和慢性噩梦患者（病程>6个月，N = 128）。对睡眠障碍的四项具体问题进行了分类测量，以确定症状的有无：害怕入睡；从睡眠中醒来；难以重新入睡；以及睡眠不安稳、易惊醒。与对照组相比，急性（p <.0001）和慢性（p <.0001）噩梦组中，这四项单独的睡眠问题中的每一项都明显更常见。与对照组相比，急性（p <.0001）和慢性组（p <.0001）中四项睡眠问题的总得分也更高。所有有噩梦的受试者中，91%报告至少有一项睡眠问题。在组间评估中，比较急性和慢性噩梦患者的四项变量中的任何一项以及总分时，尽管发现了一些趋势，但未显示出统计学上的显著差异。对于四项睡眠变量中的任何一项或其总分，未观察到噩梦频率或慢性程度的剂量反应关系。本文讨论了噩梦与睡眠障碍之间的关系。
