Krivitski N M
Transonic Systems Inc., Ithaca, New York, USA.
Kidney Int. 1995 Jul;48(1):244-50. doi: 10.1038/ki.1995.290.
The theory shows that access flow can be measured by the dilution technique by reversal of the blood dialysis lines with the venous outlet facing the access stream: (1.) with one dilution sensor in arterial line and two injections Equation (6); (2.) with two matched dilution sensors on the venous line and on the arterial line and one injection Equation (8); (3.) with blood sampling as for recirculation measurement using BUN or other methods in Equation (12). In all cases, accurate measurement of hemodialysis blood flow is required. The results of this bench validation demonstrate that dialysis blood flows, in the clinical range of 200 to 350 ml/min or more, create good mixing conditions in a vascular access model. Accurate measurements are provided for all clinically significant ranges of access flows, needle positions, and vascular access inner diameters. This simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive technique shows great promise for routine diagnosis of vascular access failure in hemodialysis patients.
该理论表明，通过将血液透析管路反转，使静脉出口朝向动静脉内瘘血流，利用稀释技术可测量内瘘血流量：（1）在动脉管路中使用一个稀释传感器并进行两次注射，公式（6）；（2）在静脉管路和动脉管路中各使用两个匹配的稀释传感器并进行一次注射，公式（8）；（3）如公式（12）中所述，通过使用尿素氮或其他方法进行血液采样以测量再循环。在所有情况下，都需要准确测量血液透析血流量。该实验台验证结果表明，在200至350毫升/分钟或更高的临床范围内的透析血流量，在血管通路模型中可创造良好的混合条件。可为所有具有临床意义的内瘘血流量范围、针头位置和血管通路内径提供准确测量。这种简单、无创且廉价的技术在血液透析患者血管通路失败的常规诊断中显示出巨大潜力。
